Research and information are vital elements in creative writing, whether you are writing fiction or nonfiction. Facts lend credibility and provide a solid ground for the author. It backs up an author’s sense of accountability. Even when the Internet has allowed researchers easy access to information, it still doesn’t beat the old-fashioned interview. The library and online resources may be invaluable, but the opinion of an expert or the experience of a subject can take you further. If you have been used to online research alone, here are some helpful tips to help you with your interview.

Think of how you want to conduct the interview. What method would be the most convenient for you? Will you be jotting down notes? Will you be using a recording device? Will you be typing on your laptop? Find out what tools you are most comfortable with. 

Knowing the tools of the trade is just a fraction of the equation. You need to research your subject before you sit down with him/her. You owe it to your subject to have an idea about who he/she is. You must know the highlights of your subject’s career and achievement. I have seen broadcast journalists who don’t know squat about the celebrity they were interviewing. I remembered watching Katie Couric a few years back as she appeared clueless on what questions to throw at Norah Jones. Your subject took the time to sit and talk to you. The least you can do is extend them the courtesy to know something about them beforehand.

Write down your questions. They say memories are mighty short. It is always prudent to have a dozen questions or more ready for your subject. Your research about your subject will help you come up with relevant questions. To keep the interview engaging, be sure to ask open-ended questions. They are the type of questions that require explanations. Close-ended questions can be answered by a short yes or no. "Tell me about” or “how do you” are good examples to start your questions. Be sure to ask them about concepts that are not clear to you. Their explanation will help you expound on ideas from an expert’s perspective.

Stay polite during the interview. Be clear with your intentions by informing your subject what the interview will be used for. If you are working on spec, explain that it is at the discretion of your editor to publish the piece/book or not. On some occasions, your subject may request to leave out some parts if they deem it too sensitive, especially if it pertains to a scandalous or harrowing ordeal. Discuss the parameters early on. Keep your part of the bargain or the subject will lose trust in you. Explain how you will handle the treatment of the interview for your work.

Don’t be too stiff. Make it conversational, so that you are both comfortable. A little small talk helps. Nervousness has a way of manifesting in your facial expressions and body movements, and it is contagious.